Posts Tagged ‘Water and Mineral’
Amount of Water we Need
It is important to measure or estimate the amount of water that are needed. A human must absorb at least 2 to 3 liters of water per day [Ref. needed] (more in times of drought, heat), it usually obtains drinking 1.5 liters daily, and eating the equivalent of 1.5 liter of water in its solid food.
In times of dehydration, urine is darker [ref. necessary], which is a simple criterion to estimate (not measure reliably and precisely) the dehydration of a possible subject. Water from a human body renews itself in 6 weeks. Quantity to drink 40 ml / kg body weight [Ref. necessary]. Half is paid by food and half liquid. So, 20ml per kg. We must add to this 1 liter per hour of sustained physical activity. Example: I am a tennis player and have a mass of 140 lbs. My weight in kg: 63.6. So I have to drink 1.2 liter per day minimum and if I play for 2 hours I have to drink 3.2 liters.
Impact of Dehidration
Intracellular dehydration
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- Dehydration extracellular
- Due to water loss and salt content in plasma and fluids surrounding the cells, associated with vomiting, diarrhea, skin loss, renal, diabetic coma)
- It is manifested by fatigue, dry skin, rapid heartbeat, decreased blood pressure, scarcity of urination .
- Treatment involves the administration of water and salt
- Due to hypertonia (excess sodium from water leakage) of plasma and extracellular fluid, due to insufficient water intake, diabetes insipidus, certain diabetes mellitus, gastrointestinal losses, dermal, inhalation. To offset this pressure difference in salts, the intracellular fluid released into the extracellular medium. The cell is dehydrated;
- It is manifested by severe thirst, dry mouth, weight loss, fever, shortness of breath, fatigue with drowsiness or coma .
- Treatment involves the administration of water associated with a low salt diet.
- Sometimes, when water loss and / or salt are not compensated, especially in the elderly, infants or comatose, the two types of associate dehydration, dehydration is comprehensive.