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The primary care physician or specialist, will make an initial assessment to determine in each case and in every family, if they meet the criteria of risk and are advised to be sent to genetic counseling clinic.

In the genetic counseling clinic, will include all clinical data and family history. Informarádel be valued and hereditary cancer risk and the possibility of conducting a study.

The procedure followed is as follows:
Signing an informed consent
Taking a blood sample of 10ml
Sending the sample to the laboratory for the complete study of predisposing genes
Meet at the genetic counseling clinic for the delivery of results
Study of other family members when the result is positive.
Information on options for monitoring and prophylaxis.

You need to consult any further questions, contact your primary care physician or referred specialist.

What can you do if there is a high risk of developing breast and ovarian cancer?

In cancer genetics clinics provide information to individuals and families about the nature, inheritance, and implications of genetic disorders, as well as monitoring and preventive measures available to help them make informed medical and personal decisions.

The recommendations are made assuming a suspected clinical benefit in terms of reducing cancer risk and can be modified with the advance of scientific knowledge.

In general, one can say who are the subjects in whose families have identified several specific cancers and in some age of onset is below 50.

The doctor, taking into account family history and age of cancer onset, assess whether it is advisable to make a study of genetic diagnosis.

It is necessary to make the family tree with relatives of the first and second grade:

First grade: Father, mother, sibling, child

Second grade: Grandparents, uncles, nephews and nieces in the maternal or paternal line.

What is a genetic diagnosis?

It is a study to see if a person has inherited a mutation in a gene. This requires the removal of a blood sample.

This study, in a healthy subject, which has neither the time has cancer, is only advisable if you find that a first degree relative has had cancer, a mutation in a gene.

What cases can be seen in the Genetic Counseling Units in Cancer?

Through the primary care physician or specialist will be sent to the Unit for cancer genetic counseling, and family cases of breast cancer, ovarian, colon or rectum hereditary and meet certain requirements.

In women aged between 45 and 69 years old, we recommend regular mammograms to detect breast cancer early.

Breast cancer is a major health problem, affecting one in 10 women throughout his life. The frequency of these tumors increases with age.

Prevention

We can not prevent it from appearing, but detect when it is small, so healing is achieved in more than 80% of cases. Mammography is the best screening test we have today. With it you can detect the 90-95% of tumors, even very small.

Mammography

An x-ray of the breast that uses low levels of radiation. Generally there are two mammograms of each breast. It is a quick and simple test to get a clearer picture should be slightly compress the breast, which can cause some discomfort, but lasts a few seconds.

Early Detection Program Breast Cancer

The Ministry of Health of Castilla y Leon offers the possibility of a mammography, totally free, all women living in this community, aged between 45 and 69.

Accessing the Program

Receive a newsletter at home. You can also request this information in your health center or by calling the mammography unit has been applied.

If you have already participated in the program receive a letter reminding him of the date of its next revision.

How often to do the mammogram

Mammograms should be repeated periodically, usually every two years unless a shorter interval indicated

Results of mammography

In most cases the result is negative, meaning that no disease is detected or at least some small alteration in benign radiological features and do not require further study.

You may get an appointment to repeat or complete the study with a new mammography unit or indicate the need for an ultrasound. This does not imply the discovery of something suspicious, since in some women, the nature of your breasts, you must complete the initial study.
In cases where an image is detected or suspected dubious summon you query for evaluation. It may be a need for more evidence, including a biopsy, although in most cases there is NO confirmed malignancy.

Many foods are very healthy and help us lose weight because they provide very few calories and many of them help us that do not accumulate fat in our body.

Such is the case of the kiwi which provides high levels of vitamin C prevent colds, and its seeds have a diuretic effect and accelerate the fat burning process.

The apple fruit is another very important in the world of diets, and that fills us and we block out the hunger for a good time.

A party that has very few calories and can exploit their advantage quenching to eat before meals, rather then for dessert, then have at dinner or lunch you eat fewer calories make you fat.

We all know how important it is to eat vegetables for the nutrients and protein they have, but often do not know how to cook them for all they are not lost.

When over-cooked vegetables, what we do is lose all the important components we need in our body.

A good option is to cook all the vegetables to steam, can do so through a vapor that get everywhere because they are very common in the market today.

In this way the vegetables will cook up just right, retaining the nutrients and proteins that will help us carry out a proper diet and health.

Reaffirming resolutions WHA32.40 on development of the WHO program on alcohol-related problems, WHA36.12 on alcohol consumption and related problems Swim with alcohol: development of national policies and programs, WHA42.20 on prevention and control of alcoholism and drug abuse, WHA55.10 on mental health: responding to the call for action, WHA57.10 on road safety and health, WHA57.16 on health promotion and ways healthy lifestyles and WHA57.17 on the Global Strategy on Diet, Physical Activity and Health;

Recalling the report on world health 2002.1 indicating that 4% of disease burden and 3.2% of global mortality attributable to alcohol and it represents the main risk to health in developing countries developing low mortality, and the third in developed countries;

Recognizing that the patterns, context and overall level of alcohol consumption influence the health of the whole population and that harmful drinking is among the leading causes of illness, injury, violence, especially domestic violence against women and children, disability, social problems and premature deaths are linked to mental health problems, serious impact on human welfare, it affects individuals, families, communities and society as a whole, contributing to social inequalities and health;

Emphasizing the risk of alcohol consumption has harmful effects, particularly in the context of driving, in the workplace and during pregnancy;

Alarmed by the magnitude of public health problems associated with harmful alcohol consumption and trends in hazardous drinking, particularly among young people in many States;

Recognizing that intoxication with alcohol is associated with high risk behavior such as consumption of other psychoactive substances and unsafe sex;

Concerned about the economic loss to society resulting from harmful alcohol consumption, including costs to health services, social services and criminal justice, as well as the costs of lost productivity and reduced economic development ;

Recognizing the threats posed to public health factors that have led to an increasing availability and accessibility of alcoholic beverages in some Member States;

Noting the ever-increasing evidence of the effectiveness of strategies and measures to reduce alcohol-related harm;

Aware of the need to empower people to take positive decisions to change their lives in areas such as consumption of alcohol;

It has been shown that the ability to adapt to the school achieved in the first years of school, is related to their success or failure in school and social future, as well as mental health problems such as alcohol and drugs, violent behavior disorders emotional and behavioral.
The frequency of mental health disorders in children between 6 and 8 years is 24.2%, according to study in schools and poor urban communes in 1994 (De la Barra, and George Lopez). This same study shows that children from families where the father is absent, in families where there is any member with alcoholism or other mental illness and their families who do not participate in the social networks of their community, have significantly more problems of adaptation and learning school.
A 37.6% of first grade students of the same sample, present maladaptive behaviors, which have been described as predictors of mental health disorders in adolescence, such as alcohol and drug abuse, violent behavior and unwanted pregnancies.
Maladaptive behavior is understood to problems of acceptance of authority, low social contact, low-achieving cognitive and emotional immaturity. In addition, UNICEF has estimated the frequency of abuse in school that reaches 5%. This problem has been associated with children who do not follow rules, have low social skills and inadequate conditions for learning.

Sexual behavior: a major risk factor for a large number of HPV spreads through sexual contact. Transmission is more likely when you start early sexual life of individuals and the more sex partners. Promiscuous sexual partners are the focus of infection, especially if you use a barrier method like condoms. In the case of women needed to visit a gynecologist once a year to practice their cytology, the test is more reliable for detecting many HPV.

Consumption of tobacco: Smoking increases the risk of injury from the virus from becoming cancerous.

High Number of pregnancy: the hormonal changes during pregnancy support the development of HPV.

Weakens the immune system: consumption of alcohol or other drugs, certain genetic factors or diseases, less than 8 hours of sleep, stress … are factors favoring an immune system malfunction. If you’re weak defense will be easier for your body to surrender to the spread of HPV.

Prolonged use of contraceptives: studies have estimated that women who use oral contraceptives for more than 5 years doubled the risk of cervical cancer.

Nutritional factors: one factor that we can better control and more influence on our health in every way and, indeed, in preventing HPV. Here are some tips:

Consumption of many antioxidants: Fill in your daily diet of fruits and vegetables (rich in lycopene tomatoes and peppers are rich in beta-carotene) which will boost the immune system.
Eat lots of vitamin C: You know, natural fresh orange juice is squeezed in a lemon, tomatoes, kiwi, strawberries
Consumption of foods rich in folic acid: green leafy vegetables, liver, whole grains, oranges, nuts, beans
Remember that a healthy life in terms of routines and habits is essential to exercise, sleep hours of respect, for not too much with harmful substances (alcohol or tobacco) and a constant healthy nutrition is key to strengthening the immune system.

But even meet all these precautions you may be exposed to the virus so do not you check the gynecologist once a year. If you are considering to become pregnant, especially if you are infected because there is little possibility of infecting your baby. Rare and prevent cesarean section, but your gynecologist should recognize the problem and treat it.

The essence of it all is to consume foods with nutrients and avoid the transmission factor,

In 1961, the Berlin-based company Schering AG brought out the first birth control pill. Under the name “Anovlar” she was sold as a “means of addressing menstrual problems”, said the contraceptive effect only in a leaflet from the side effects. For moral reasons, the manufacturer advised physicians first prescribe Anovlar only married women with at least two children. But already in 1966 in West Germany, almost everyone knew what was meant by the “pill, and only four years later, the sales amounted to more than 27 million packages.

At the same time, the birth rate had after almost by half. Today only one manufacturer makes such a product around one billion euros in sales a year. Again and again, however, it is also criticism, even of death is mentioned.

Adverse effects of the Pill

In addition to its contraceptive effect of the contraceptive is characterized by more positive qualities. It will therefore also for acne, painful or heavy menstrual bleeding occurring benign uterine tumors, endometriosis, and hypertrichosis (excessive body hair) are used. The benefits but also face undesirable side effects: nausea, sexual pain, and weight gain are among the known consequences. The weight gain is usually just a water retention by estrogen, which disappears with discontinuation of the pill again. However, they can also attract a feeling of tension in the breasts, and swelling of fingers or legs after him.

This is perceived by the patient is often unpleasant. A clear increase in weight by the formation of new fat cells has not been demonstrated. Only in rare cases, an increase in appetite was noted, but this was usually reduced to a product change. Also rare, but also more serious, are hypertension, abnormal liver function and thrombosis, as side effects. Women with relevant medical history, such as deep vein thrombosis, diabetes mellitus (type 1) or liver disease is by taking the contraceptive pill discouraged.

Adaptation phase

Will you start taking the pill, should be counted to six months, with an adjustment period of three. During this time, not only the above side effects may occur, but diarrhea or nausea. In migraine attacks during menstruation should be discussed with the doctor about an alternative contraceptive.

Controversy

Whether cancer when taken regularly, the risk of certain cancers (cervical, breast and liver cancer), really rise, has so far proved inconclusive. Although some studies seem to confirm this, to bring others but the contrary. The World Health Organization as well as international database surveys assume that hormonal contraceptives (third generation, available since the late 1990s) present a danger. Individual deaths or permanent damage, such as the disability of a 16-year-old Swiss woman could still be resolved is not unique. The manufacturers assign any blame from himself, a rebuttal is to be provided only with difficulty.

Consequences for the organism. Benign tumors usually develop slowly and do not harm the body. Some of them may nevertheless subsequently escalate and mutate into malignant tumors. These include intestinal polyps (colonic adenoma), which often degenerate into adenocarcinomas (adenoma-carcinoma sequence). The hormone-producing adenomas may cause through these serious diseases.

Tumors, benign or malignant, may also cause the following complications:

* Minor obstruction of hollow organs (lumen) and compression of adjacent organs
* Ectopic hormone (ACTH, parathyroid hormone, insulin)
* Compression cerebral benign brain tissue (meningioma)